Data sources:

• Fund metadata & NAV history — AMFI India, via InertExpert2911/Mutual_Fund_Data (GitHub). Daily NAV, 10-year history (~16M records).
• Benchmarks — Yahoo Finance via yfinance: Nifty 50 ^NSEI, Sensex ^BSESN, Nifty Next 50 ^NSMIDCP, Nifty Midcap 100 NIFTY_MIDCAP_100.NS, Liquid BeES LIQUIDBEES.NS, Gilt 5Y GILT5YBEES.NS, Gold BeES GOLDBEES.NS, Gold USD GC=F, S&P 500 ^GSPC, Nasdaq 100 QQQ, MSCI EM EEM, MSCI ACWI ACWI, MSCI Dev VEA.
• Expense Ratio — AMFI TER data (run load_expense_ratios to populate).

Column notes:

• 1Y / 5Y / 10Y — annualised CAGR: (NAV_end/NAV_start)^(1/y) − 1. INR, Regular-Growth plan. 1M and YTD are absolute (not annualised). NAVs back-adjusted for splits and unit consolidations.
• Std Dev (5Y) — annualised standard deviation of monthly returns over 5 years: σ_monthly × √12. Month-end NAVs only.
• vs BM (5Y) — fund 5Y CAGR minus benchmark 5Y CAGR. Benchmarks by category: Large Cap → UTI Nifty 50; Large & Mid → Zerodha LargeMidcap 250; Mid Cap → Nippon Midcap 150; Small Cap → Nippon Smallcap 250; Flexi/Multi → MO Nifty 500; Debt → Liquid BeES; Govt Debt → Gilt 5Y; Gold → Gold BeES; Intl → MSCI ACWI.
• TE (5Y) — tracking error vs same benchmark, 5Y monthly: σ(fund − benchmark) × √12. Blank for FoF / <2Y history.
• IR (5Y) — Information Ratio: (fund 5Y − benchmark 5Y) ÷ TE. Outperformance per unit of active risk. Higher = better.
• Sharpe (5Y) — (return_5y − rf) ÷ std_5y. Risk-free rate = Gilt 5Y BeES 5Y CAGR (~6.3%). Higher = better.
• Best class only — Regular-Growth share class per fund (plan type from mfapi.in). Hides Direct and IDCW variants.
• Asset Class — derived from AMFI scheme category. 🌍 = internationally-invested fund.
• AUM — average quarterly AUM in ₹ crores, as reported by AMFI.